Dividend Record Date

FundamentalStock Market2 min read

Quick Definition

The date set by a company to determine which shareholders are eligible to receive an upcoming dividend.

Key Takeaways

  • The record date is the administrative cutoff for dividend eligibility.
  • You must buy on or before the ex-dividend date (one day before the record date) to qualify.
  • The four key dates are: declaration → ex-dividend → record → payment.

What Is Dividend Record Date?

The dividend record date (or date of record) is the cutoff date established by a company's board of directors to determine which shareholders are entitled to an upcoming dividend payment. Only investors who are registered as shareholders on this date receive the dividend. Due to the T+1 settlement cycle in U.S. markets (effective May 2024), an investor must purchase the stock at least one business day before the record date—i.e., on or before the ex-dividend date—to be listed as a shareholder of record. The sequence of key dividend dates is: declaration date → ex-dividend date → record date → payment date. The record date is primarily an administrative checkpoint; most investors focus on the ex-dividend date since it determines the last day to buy shares and still qualify for the dividend.

Dividend Record Date Example

  • 1Company XYZ declares a $0.50 dividend with an ex-date of March 14 and a record date of March 15. Buying on March 14 qualifies; buying on March 15 does not.
  • 2An investor who sells shares after the record date but before the payment date still receives the dividend because they were the shareholder of record.