Call Protection

IntermediateBonds & Fixed Income2 min read

Quick Definition

A period during which a callable bond cannot be redeemed early by the issuer, protecting bondholders from premature loss of their investment.

What Is Call Protection?

Call protection is a provision in a callable bond's indenture that prevents the issuer from redeeming the bond before a specified date, giving bondholders guaranteed income for that period. Most callable bonds include a non-call period — typically 5-10 years from issuance — during which the issuer cannot exercise the call option regardless of how much interest rates decline. For example, a "30-year non-call 10" bond matures in 30 years but cannot be called during the first 10 years. Call protection is valuable to bondholders because issuers typically call bonds when interest rates fall, which is exactly when bondholders would most want to keep their high-yielding bonds. After the call protection period expires, many bonds have a declining call premium — for instance, callable at 103% of par in year 10, 102% in year 11, and par thereafter. The presence and length of call protection directly affects a bond's yield and pricing.

Call Protection Example

  • 1A "10-year non-call 5" corporate bond gives investors 5 years of guaranteed income before the issuer can redeem it
  • 2High-yield bonds typically have 4-5 years of call protection, with call prices declining from 104% to 100% over subsequent years